《大學(xué)英語(yǔ)B》統(tǒng)考重點(diǎn)精講2

There are stories about two U. S. presidents, Andrew Jackson and Martin Van Buren, which attempt to explain the American English term OK. We do[a-z] t know if either story is true, but they are both interesting.

這是關(guān)于兩個(gè)美國(guó)總統(tǒng):安德魯. 杰費(fèi)遜和馬丁. 范布郎的故事,這個(gè)故事解釋了美國(guó)英語(yǔ)短語(yǔ)Ok.我們不知道這兩個(gè)故事是否是真的,但是它們都很有趣.

The first explanation is based on the fact that President Jackson had very little education. In fact, he had difficulty reading and writing. When important papers came to Jackson, he tried to read them and then had his assistants explain what they said. If he approved of a paper, he would write "all correct" on it. The problem was that he did[a-z] t know how to spell, so what he really wrote was "ol korekt". After a while, he shortened that term to "OK".

第一個(gè)故事是根據(jù)杰費(fèi)遜受過很少的教育的事實(shí)而來的.事實(shí)上, 杰費(fèi)遜總統(tǒng)在閱讀和寫作方面都有困難.當(dāng)有重要文件拿給杰費(fèi)遜時(shí),他設(shè)法讀而且會(huì)讓他的助手們解釋.如果他同意這份文件,他會(huì)寫上”都正確”.問題是他不知道如何拼寫,因此他寫的實(shí)際是”ol korekt”.不久,他就把它縮短為OK.

The second explanation is based on the place where President Van Buren was born, Kinderhook, New York.  Van Bure[a-z] [a-z] friends organized a club to help him become President. They called the club the Old Kinderhook Club, and anyone who supported Van Buren was called "OK".

第二個(gè)故事是關(guān)于范布郎總統(tǒng)的出生地紐約的Kinderhook而來的. 范布郎總統(tǒng)的朋友們組織了一個(gè)俱樂部來支持他競(jìng)選總統(tǒng).這個(gè)俱樂部叫”the Old Kinderhook Club”,而且每個(gè)支持范布郎總統(tǒng)的人都叫OK.

31. The author _________.這個(gè)作者不太確定故事的真實(shí)性.

A. believes both of the stories    B. does[a-z] t believe a word of the stories

C. is not sure whether the stories are true  D. is telling the stories just for fun

32. According to the passage, President Jackson _______.

根據(jù)短文, 杰費(fèi)遜總統(tǒng)不擅長(zhǎng)閱讀,寫作或拼寫.

A. could[a-z] t draw up any documents at all

B. did[a-z] t like to read important papers by himself

C. Often had his assistants sign documents for him

33. According to the first story, the term "OK" _______.

根據(jù)第一個(gè)故事,短語(yǔ)OK首先是由杰費(fèi)遜總統(tǒng)使用的.

A. was approved of by President Jackson  B. was the title of some official documents

C. was first used by President Jackson  D. was an old way to spell "all correct"

34. According to the second story, the term "OK" _______.

根據(jù)第二個(gè)故事,短語(yǔ)OK是用來叫支持范布郎競(jìng)選的人.

A. was the short way to say "Old Kinderhook Club"

B. meant the place where President Van Buren was born

C. was the name of Van Bure[a-z] [a-z] club

35. According to the second story, the term "OK" was first used _______.

根據(jù)第二個(gè)故事,短語(yǔ)OK最先用于總統(tǒng)選舉。

A. by Van Buren   B. in a presidential election

C. to organize the Old Kinderhook Club D. by the members of the "Old Kinderhook Club"

 

Although the United States covers so much land and the land produces far more food than the present population needs, its people are by now almost entirely an urban society。 Less than a tenth of the people are engaged in agriculture and forestry (林業(yè)), and most the rest live in or around towns, small and large. Here the traditional picture is changing: every small town may still be very like other small towns, and the typical small town may represent a widely accepted view of the country, but most Americans do not live in small towns any more. Half the population now lives in some thirty metropolitan areas (large cities with their suburbs) of more than a million people each--a larger proportion than in Germany or England, let alone France. The statistics (統(tǒng)計(jì)) of urban and rural population should be treated with caution because so many people who live in areas classified as rural travel by car to work in a nearby town each day. As the rush to live out of town continues, rural areas within reach of towns are gradually filled with houses, so that it is hard to say at what moment a piece of country becomes a suburb. But more and more the typical American lives in a metropolitan rather than a small town environment.

盡管美國(guó)有大量的土地而且生產(chǎn)的事物超出現(xiàn)有人口的需要，它的人民現(xiàn)在幾乎完全是城市化的社會(huì)。全國(guó)不到1/10的人從事農(nóng)業(yè)和林業(yè)，而且其它大多數(shù)人都生活在城鎮(zhèn)里或附近，不過城鎮(zhèn)是大還是小。傳統(tǒng)的局面正在改變：每個(gè)小鎮(zhèn)之間仍然非常相像。典型的小鎮(zhèn)代表了國(guó)家里被廣泛認(rèn)可的看法，但是大多數(shù)美國(guó)人不再居住在小城鎮(zhèn)?，F(xiàn)在將近一半的人口居住在大約30個(gè)大城市地區(qū)（包括大城市和郊區(qū)），每個(gè)城市有100多萬的人口，占德國(guó)，英國(guó)的很大一部分，更不用說法國(guó)。要小心統(tǒng)計(jì)城市和農(nóng)村的人口因?yàn)楹芏嘧≡诔抢锏娜嗣刻扉_車去附近的城鎮(zhèn)上班。由于人們都想搬出城鎮(zhèn)，在城鎮(zhèn)范圍內(nèi)的農(nóng)村地區(qū)正慢慢地/逐漸蓋滿了房子，因此很難估計(jì)一塊農(nóng)村用地哪天會(huì)變成郊區(qū)。但是越來越多的典型美國(guó)人都住在大都市里而不是小城鎮(zhèn)。

A. About 25 million.                     B. More than 25 million.

C. Less than 25 million.                  D. Less than 225 million.

A. United States.    B. Germany.       C. France.         D. England.

A. Of a large city with its suburbs.       B. Of small and large towns.

C. Of urban areas.                       D. Of rural areas.

A. Most small towns become gradually crowded.

C. As the traditional picture is changing, towns are different.

D. Small towns are turning into large cities.

為什么很難估計(jì)一塊農(nóng)村用地哪天會(huì)變成郊區(qū)？

A. Because they are the same.   B. Because the rush takes place too quickly.

D. Because more and more Americans live in metropolitan areas.

If we were asked exactly what we were doing a year ago, we should probably have to say that we could not remember. But if we had kept a book and had written in it an account of what we did each day, we should be able to give an answer to the question.

如果別人問我們一年前正在做的事情,我們可能不得不說我們不記得了.但是如果我們有本筆記而且記下每天做的事情,我們就能夠回答這個(gè)問題了.

It is the same in history. Many things have been forgotten because we do not have any written account of them. Sometimes men did keep a record of the most important happenings in their country, but often it was destroyed by fire or in a war. Sometimes there was never any written record at all because the people of that time and place did not know how to write. For example, we know a good deal about the people who lived in China 4, 000 years ago, because they could write and leave written records for those who lived after them. But we know almost nothing about the people who lived even 200 years ago in central Africa, because they had not learned to write.

Sometimes, of course, even if the people cannot write, they may know something of the past. They have heard about it from older people, and often songs and dances and stories have been made about the most important happenings, and these have been sung and acted and told for many generations. For most people are proud to tell what their fathers did in the past. This we may call remembered history . Some of it has now been written down. It is not so exact or so valuable to us as written history is, because words are much more easily changed when used again and again in speech than when copied in writing. But where there are no written records, such spoken stories are often very helpful.

歷史也是如此.由于我們沒有書面的紀(jì)錄,許多事情都被遺忘了.有時(shí)人們確實(shí)紀(jì)錄了他們國(guó)家里的重大事件,但經(jīng)常由于戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)或火災(zāi)而沒有保存下來.有時(shí)根本沒有書面紀(jì)錄因?yàn)槟莻€(gè)時(shí)候那個(gè)地方的人們不知道寫字。比如，我們非常了解4000年前居住在中國(guó)的人們，因?yàn)樗麄優(yōu)楹髞砣肆粝铝藭婕o(jì)錄。但是我們對(duì)200年前生活在中非的人們幾乎一無所知，因?yàn)樗麄冞€沒有學(xué)會(huì)寫字。

當(dāng)然，有時(shí)即使人們不會(huì)寫字，他們也可以知道過去的事情。他們從老一輩那聽過來，通常紀(jì)錄重大事件的是歌曲，舞蹈和故事的形式，而且被許多代人傳唱和表演。因?yàn)榇蠖鄶?shù)人對(duì)講父輩們的過去感到非常自豪。這我們可以叫做“被記住的歷史”，很多這樣的歷史已經(jīng)成為書面紀(jì)錄。它并不象書面的歷史那么準(zhǔn)確或有價(jià)值，因?yàn)檎Z(yǔ)言在轉(zhuǎn)述的過程中比抄寫更容易受改變。但是假如沒有書面紀(jì)錄，這些流傳的故事還是很有幫助的。

41. Which of the following ideas is not suggested in the passage?

下列哪個(gè)句子文章沒有提到？

A. "Remembered history", compared with written history, is less reliable.

B. Written records of the past play the most important role in our learning of the human history.

C. A written account of our daily activities helps us to be able to answer many questions.

42. We know very little about the central Africa 200 years ago because _______.

我們對(duì)生活在200年前的中非一無所知是由于

A. there was nothing worth being written down at that time

B. the people there ignored the importance of keeping a record

C. the written records were perhaps destroyed by a fire

43. "Remembered history" refers to _______.“被紀(jì)錄的歷史”是指

A. history based on a perso[a-z] [a-z] imagination

B. stories of important happenings passed down from mouth to mouth

口頭轉(zhuǎn)述的重大事件的故事

C. songs and dances about the most important events 根據(jù)重大事件改改編的歌曲和舞蹈            

D. both B and C   B和C

44. "Remembered history" is regarded as valuable only when _______.

“被紀(jì)錄的歷史”只有在沒有書面紀(jì)錄的時(shí)候才被認(rèn)為是有價(jià)值。

A. it is written down                    B. no written account is available

C. it proves to be true                   D. people are interested in it

45. The passage suggests that we could have learned much more about our past than we

do now if the ancient people had _______.

短文表明如果古代人能紀(jì)錄過去發(fā)生的每件事情那么現(xiàn)代人就可以更多的了解古代。

A. kept a written record of every past event   B. not burnt their written records in wars

C. told exact stories of the most important happenings   D. made more songs and dances

Dr. Harvey Gates, the noted scientist, might never have discovered the Kamron lizard (蜥蜴) in Blovia, if it had not been for a childhood accident. As a boy, he was determined to become a baseball player, but when he broke his arm in practice at the age of fourteen and was forced to stay off the playing field for a while, he took notice of the natural world around him and liked what he saw. After he had recovered from his injury, he caught a squirrel (松鼠) and raised it as a pet. Soon he was bringing home snakes and other creatures from the woods near his school.

如果不是由于兒童時(shí)代的一次事故，Harvey Gates博士，著名的科學(xué)家，有可能永遠(yuǎn)也發(fā)現(xiàn)不了Kamron蜥蜴。在孩提時(shí)代，他決心要當(dāng)棒球運(yùn)動(dòng)員，但是14歲，練習(xí)（in practice）棒球時(shí)折了手臂，被迫離開球場(chǎng)一段時(shí)間。他開始注意到身邊的自然世界而且迷上了自然。在他復(fù)原以后，他捉到一只松鼠并把它當(dāng)寵物養(yǎng)。很快他就經(jīng)常把學(xué)校附近森林里的蛇和其它動(dòng)物（creature）帶回家。

In 1962, he entered Blakeford College and majored in biology.  By 1966 he had received his Bachelor (學(xué)士) of Science degree and two years later at Drysdale University, he received his Doctor of Science degree. It was while he was doing field research for his doctoral studies in South America in 1967 that he discovered and named the Kamron lizard. This animal was different from others of its kind in that it had only four toes on its front feet. In other respects, it was similar to others of the same family. It could change its color and go for long periods without food.

1962年，他進(jìn)入Blakeford大學(xué)主修生物學(xué)。到1966年時(shí)，他獲得了理科學(xué)士學(xué)位，兩年后他獲得了Drysdale大學(xué)的博士學(xué)位。也就是1967年，他在南美洲博士學(xué)習(xí)期間，他發(fā)現(xiàn)并命名Kamron蜥蜴。這個(gè)動(dòng)物與其它種類的蜥蜴不同是因?yàn)樗那澳_有四個(gè)腳趾。其它方面，它又與蜥蜴家族類似。在沒有食物的情況下，它可以改變體色并存活很長(zhǎng)的時(shí)間。

31. Of the four statements, which one best indicates the autho[a-z] [a-z] idea?

下面哪一句最能表達(dá)作者的意思？

A. Dr. Gates is a scientist who can always attract the public attention to his research.

C. Dr. Gates is a scientist who always carries a notebook with him wherever he goes.

D. Dr. Gates is very popular for his determination to become a baseball player.

32. In the first paragraph of the passage, the phrase "in practice" means"        ".

（in practice”的意思是：

A. while doing some practical work   B. while studying animals

C. while making up his mind to become a baseball player 

33. In the second paragraph, the word "creatures" can best be replaced by _______

A. people           B. things           C. animals        D. living things

34. It was _______ that Dr. Gates discovered the Kamron lizard.

在他攻讀博士學(xué)位期間，Gates博士發(fā)現(xiàn)了Kamron蜥蜴，

A. after he had graduated from Drysdale University

B. right after he had finished his study for the docto[a-z] [a-z] degree

C. after he had received his highest degree

35. Which of the following is not mentioned as a feature of the Kamron lizard?

下列哪句不是Kamron蜥蜴的特征。

A. It possesses four toes on its front feet.

B. It can live a long while without eating.

D. It is capable of changing colors.

I was due to take my driving test at 11:30 am. It was a rainy morning with low clouds and as I approached the driving school at 9:50 am, my heart sank. My driving instructor, Stan, said something, trying to drive away my fears, but I was not impressed.

我將在早上11點(diǎn)半?yún)⒓玉{駛考試。天下著雨，當(dāng)我在9點(diǎn)50快到駕駛學(xué)校時(shí)，我的心一沉。我的駕駛教練Stan說了些鼓勵(lì)的話，設(shè)法使我放松，但無濟(jì)于事。

We set off for the test centre with an hour to go. I wanted a run round the test circuit (圈), but we got stuck in a traffic jam, and could only drive no faster than walking.

出發(fā)去考試中心還有一個(gè)小時(shí)。我想繞一下考試圈，但是我們被交通困住了，只能慢吞吞地往前開。

We arrived at the test centre at 11 am. Stan made me watch a group of six learners emerging from the building with their respective (各自的) examiners. Their instructors were looking out from two windows. We watched them drive off. They must have been feeling very nervous.

我們?cè)?1點(diǎn)到達(dá)考試中心。Stan示意我看六個(gè)學(xué)員和他們各自的考官走出大樓。他們的教練從兩個(gè)窗戶探出頭看。我們看著他們開走。他們肯定非常緊張。

Stan took me round the probable test track, pointing out the traps. The weather became even worse. It seemed to make me feel worse too. I had developed a could[a-z] t-care-less mood, and was almost calm. We returned to the test centre in time to see the six unfortunates returning. Their nerves must have been in a terrible state.

Stan帶我去可能的測(cè)試道，指出考官所設(shè)的機(jī)關(guān)。天氣變得更糟了，我的心情似乎也更糟了。

我已經(jīng)無所謂了，幾乎平靜下來。我們及時(shí)回到測(cè)試中心，正好六個(gè)考試的人回來了。他們剛才的心情肯定糟透了。

I sat in the waiting room until six examiners came in to call out our respective names. Mine showed no emotion as he asked me to go to my car. I showed none either, but the tension began mounting again.

我做在等候室里直到六個(gè)考官進(jìn)來叫我們的名字。當(dāng)他叫我進(jìn)車時(shí)，我的考官面無表情。我也面無表情，但是卻又開始緊張了。

36. On their way to the test center, Stan tried to comfort the author _______

在去考試中心的路上，Stan設(shè)法安慰作者，但是沒有起作用。

A. but it made the autho[a-z] [a-z] heart sink deeper

C. so that the author could drive to the center with no fears 

D. so that they could prepare for all the traps

37. Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage?下列哪句時(shí)對(duì)的？

B. The learners were tested in the presence of their instructors.

C. None of the six learners passed the test in the end.

D. The instructors were as nervous as the learners.

38. When the author was sitting in the waiting room, he was quite _______。

當(dāng)作者坐在等候室時(shí)，他相當(dāng)放松。

A. upset            B. nervous         C. frightened      D. relaxed

39. When it was his turn to take the test, the author went to his car with _______.

當(dāng)輪到作者考試的時(shí)候,作者走進(jìn)他的車后,越來越緊張.

A. firm confidence                      B. mixed emotions

C. increased nervousness                , D. perfect calmness

40. The passage is mainly about _______.

文章主要是關(guān)于參加駕照考試前的心情.

A. the influence of bad weather upon a test taker

C. the preparations before a driving test

D. an unforgettable day

The resources of the library can be helpful even when we are doing something very informal, such as trying to devise a better way to measure attitudes toward music or looking for a better way to teach mathematics. The library can be equally helpful when we are doing something very formal, such as writing a dissertation (學(xué)位論文) or preparing an article for publication in a professional journal. In either case, our goal should be to use the library as a useful tool to help us understand and solve our problem.

當(dāng)我們?cè)谠O(shè)法計(jì)劃更好的方法來測(cè)量對(duì)音樂的態(tài)度或者尋找教數(shù)學(xué)的好方法時(shí),圖書館的資源是很有用的.當(dāng)我們做正式的事情時(shí),圖書館也很有幫助,如寫學(xué)位論文或者準(zhǔn)備在專業(yè)期刊上發(fā)表論文.無論何種情況,我們的目標(biāo)是把圖書館當(dāng)成有用的工具來幫助我們理解問題和解決問題.

The following sections of this chapter will describe specific resources available in many libraries. In some cases you may already be aware of a resource and may use it frequently and successfully. In other cases you may be completely unfamiliar with a resource. Your goal should be to become aware of what is available and to know how to use each of these resources to help you solve the problem they are designed to solve.

本章接下來的部分將描述圖書館里可利用的具體資源。有時(shí)，你可能已經(jīng)了解資源而且經(jīng)常成功地使用它。有時(shí)，你可能對(duì)圖書館地資源完全不熟悉。你的目標(biāo)是了解什么是可利用的和知道如何使用每一項(xiàng)資源，并幫助你解決問題。

When educators have a piece of information that they want to share with their colleagues, they often make this information available in professional journals or at professional meetings. It would often be useful to have access to such information, and this chapter will describe the special services that enable us to locate such information. 

當(dāng)教育家想與同行分享自己的資料，他們經(jīng)常會(huì)把資料刊登在專業(yè)期刊上，或在專業(yè)會(huì)議上交流。能得到這些資料是非常有用的。本章將描述能幫助我們找到這類資料的特別服務(wù)。

41. The library resources can be helpful when we _______

A. want to find a better way to measure attitudes toward music

B. are preparing a paper for a professional journal

C. are writing a dissertation    D. All of the above

42. The familiarity of readers with different resources_______

讀者對(duì)不同資源的熟悉度是因人而異的。

A. is more or less the same              B. varies slightly

C. differs greatly                        D. should not be different

43. The author believes that_______作者認(rèn)為讀者應(yīng)該有大量的知識(shí)而且能好好利用資源。

A. library resources should be used frequently and completely

B. library resources cannot be made good use of if they are not available to us

C. one is supposed to be aware of the library resources that are usually not available

44. When educators wish to share some information with their colleagues, they often _______

當(dāng)教育家想與同行分享自己的資料，他們經(jīng)常把資料刊登在專業(yè)期刊上

A. publish it in a professional journal     B. attend professional meetings

C. get access to it in the library          D. make use of some library services

45. The chapter in question _______這章正在被談?wù)摰膯栴}是介紹一些圖書館服務(wù)。

A. mainly deals with the ways of dissertation writing

B. presents information on publishing papers in professional journals

D. describes some professional meetings

We can make mistakes at any age. Some mistakes we make are about money. But most mistakes are about people. "Did Jerry really care when I broke up with Helen?  ....  When I got that great job, did Jerry really feel good about it, as a friend? Or did he envy my luck?" When we look back, doubts like these can make us feel bad. But when we look back, i[a-z] [a-z] too late. Why do we go wrong about our friends--or our enemies? Sometimes what people say hides their real meaning. And if we do[a-z] t really listen, we miss the feeling behind the words.

Suppose someone tells you, "yo[a-z] [a-z]e a lucky dog". Is he really on your side? If he says, "Yo[a-z] [a-z]e a lucky guy" or "Yo[a-z] [a-z]e a lucky gal", tha[a-z] [a-z] being friendly. But "lucky dog"? Ther[a-z] [a-z] a bit of envy in those words. Maybe he does[a-z] t see it himself. But bringing in the "dog" bit puts you down a little. What he may be saying is that he does[a-z] t think you deserve your luck.

How can you tell the real meaning behind someon[a-z] [a-z] words? One way is to take a good look at the person talking. Do his words fit the way he looks? Does what he says square with the tone of voice? His posture (體態(tài))? The look in his eyes？Stop and think. The minute you spend thinking about the real meaning of what people say to you may save another mistake.

我們?cè)谌魏文昙o(jì)都會(huì)犯錯(cuò)誤.有些錯(cuò)誤是與錢有關(guān)的.而大多數(shù)是與人有關(guān)的?！爱?dāng)我真得與海倫分手,杰瑞真得關(guān)心嗎?”.. “當(dāng)我獲得好工作時(shí),作為朋友，杰瑞真的為我開心嗎?或者他是嫉妒我呢?”當(dāng)我們回首過去,這些疑問令我們不安。但是當(dāng)我們回首時(shí)，已經(jīng)太遲了。為什么對(duì)于我們的朋友---或者我們的敵人我們會(huì)弄錯(cuò)呢？有時(shí)人們所說的隱藏了他們的真實(shí)感情。如果我們不用心聽，我們就會(huì)錯(cuò)過話語(yǔ)的真實(shí)感情。

假設(shè)有人說，你是個(gè)幸運(yùn)兒。他是出自真心真意嗎？如果他說，“你是個(gè)幸運(yùn)的家伙”，那么是發(fā)自內(nèi)心的。在這些詞語(yǔ)里，幸運(yùn)兒有妒嫉的含義，可能說話的人自己沒有意識(shí)到。但是 “dog”這個(gè)詞放在詞語(yǔ)里，就把你貶低了。他可能想表達(dá)的是他認(rèn)為你不應(yīng)得到如此好的運(yùn)氣。

如何來判斷對(duì)方話語(yǔ)的真正感情呢？方法是要注視著對(duì)方，判斷他的話與表情是否一致？與語(yǔ)調(diào)是否一致？還有體態(tài)？眼神？好好琢磨琢磨！花時(shí)間考慮對(duì)方說話的真正感情也許可以避免再犯錯(cuò)誤。

31. From the questions in the first paragraph we can learn that the speaker _______

根據(jù)第一段的問題我們知道作者覺得他可能沒有真正的了解朋友的真實(shí)感情。

A. feels happy, thinking of how nice his friends were to him

C. thinks it was a mistake to have broken up with his girl friend, Helen

D. is sorry that his friends let him down

32. In the second paragraph, the author uses the example of "Yo[a-z] [a-z]e a lucky dog" to show that _______.第二段，作者使用了例子“你是個(gè)幸運(yùn)兒”來表達(dá)

A. the speaker of this sentence is just being friendly

B. this saying means the same as "Yo[a-z] [a-z]e a lucky guy" or "Yo[a-z] [a-z]e a lucky gal"

D. the word "dog" should[a-z] t be used to apply to people

33. This passage tries to tell you how to _______

短文設(shè)法告訴我們在理解人們說的話時(shí)，如何避免犯錯(cuò)誤。

A. avoid mistakes about money and friends   B. bring the "dog" bit into our conversation

C. avoid mistakes in understanding what people tell you  D. keep people friendly without trusting them

34. In listening to a person, the important thing is _______

在傾聽別人講話時(shí)，最重要的事情是根據(jù)對(duì)方的舉止，語(yǔ)調(diào)，體態(tài)來判斷對(duì)方的話。

A. to notice his tone, his posture, and the look in his eyes

B. to listen to how he pronounces his words

D. not to believe what he says

35. If you followed the advice of the writer, you would _______

如果你聽從作者的建議，你將能夠讀懂別人話語(yǔ)的真實(shí)感情。

B. avoid any mistakes while talking with people who envy you

C. not lose real friends who say things that do not please you

D. be able to observe people as they are talking to you

 

 

Why was Bastille important to the citizens of Paris? The building of the Bastille had been started in 1370 under Charles V.  By the seventeenth century it had stopped to be important for defense. Cardinal Richelieu turned it into a prison. It was not an ordinary prison to punish common crimes. Its huge doors closed only on enemies of the King. The Bastill[a-z] [a-z] workings were secret. Prisoners were taken to it in closed vehicles. Soldiers on guard duty had to stand with their faces to the wall. No talking was allowed. Worst of all, a prisoner never knew if he would be there a day, a week, a year, or forever. Only the Kin[a-z] [a-z] letter could set him free.

為什么巴士底獄對(duì)巴黎的市民如此重要？它在1370年查爾斯五世時(shí)期建造的。在17世紀(jì)以前，它一直是重要的國(guó)防。Richelieu大主教把它變成了監(jiān)獄。它不是懲罰普通罪行的普通監(jiān)獄。它只關(guān)國(guó)王的敵人。巴士底獄的運(yùn)行是秘密的。犯人關(guān)在密閉的車?yán)飵нM(jìn)來。而且守衛(wèi)必須面朝墻壁。不允許說話。最糟糕的是，犯人永遠(yuǎn)不知道將被關(guān)多久。只有國(guó)王的親筆信才能釋放犯人。

Over the years the number of arrests by Kin[a-z] [a-z] letter had become fewer. By the time of its fall, most of the prisoners were writers who had written against the corruptions ( 貪污腐敗) of the government. Voltaire, the famous French writer, spent a year there in 1717 ~1718, and another 12 days in 1726.

由國(guó)王簽發(fā)的逮捕越來越少。到它被攻陷的時(shí)候，里面多數(shù)的犯人是寫了反對(duì)政府貪污文章的作家。法國(guó)著名作家伏爾泰， 1717-1718年在巴士底獄呆了一年，接著在1726年又關(guān)了12天。

For those who believed in free speech and free thinking, the Bastille stood for everything evil. The day it was captured, only seven prisoners were found inside. Still, the Bastille was hated by the people. It was a symbol of the Kin[a-z] [a-z] complete power.

對(duì)那些崇尚言論自由，思想自由的人來說，巴士底獄代表著邪惡。它被攻陷時(shí)，里面只有7個(gè)犯人。但是，巴士底獄還是遭人們的唾棄。它是國(guó)王絕對(duì)權(quán)利的象征。

36. The Bastille had been a prison _______

巴士底獄自從Richelieu大主教以來就成了監(jiān)獄。

A. since the time of Charles V  B. since 1370

C. before the seventeenth century   D. since the time of Cardinal Richelieu

37. According to the passage, which of the following statements is FALSE?

下列哪個(gè)句子是錯(cuò)誤的？

B. The Bastille was only for those who were opposed to the King.

C. Things done in the Bastille were hardly known to people outside.

D. Voltaire was twice put in the Bastille.

38. At the time of its fall, the Bastille housed _______在它淪陷時(shí)，巴士底獄只關(guān)了幾個(gè)犯人。

A. a large number of prisoners   B. a lot of writers who had been against the government

C. some dozens of people who believed in free speech and free thinking

39. Which of the following statements is TRUE according to the passage?哪句是對(duì)的？

A. All prisoners in the Bastille had to stay there for life.

B. Over the years the number of prisoners in the Bastille was getting more and more.

D. At the time it was captured, there were so few prisoners in it that it meant little to the people.

40. This passage mainly _______這文章主要是大致介紹巴士底獄。

A. tells how the prisoners were controlled by the King

B. tells how little was known about the Bastille

C. shows the inner workings of the Bastille

Almost every family buys as least one copy of a newspaper every day. Some people subscribe to as many as two or three different newspapers.  But why do people read newspapers?

每天幾乎每個(gè)家庭都至少買一份報(bào)紙。一些人甚至訂2到3份不同的報(bào)紙。但是為什么人要看報(bào)紙呢？

Five hundred years ago, news of important happenings--battles lost and won, kings or  rulers overthrown (推翻) or killed--took months and even years to travel from one country to another. The news passed by word of mouth and was never accurate. Today we can read in our newspapers of important events that occur in far away countries on the same day they happen.

五百年錢，重大事件，如戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)的輸贏，國(guó)王被廢或被殺等，需要好幾個(gè)月甚至是好幾才能傳到另外的國(guó)家?？陬^傳述的消息永遠(yuǎn)是不準(zhǔn)確的。通過報(bào)紙，現(xiàn)在我們可以看到當(dāng)天發(fā)生在遙遠(yuǎn)國(guó)度發(fā)生的事情。

Apart from supplying news from all over the world, newspapers give us a lot of other useful information.  There are weather reports, radio, television and film guides, book reviews, stories, and of course, advertisements. The bigger ones are put in by large companies to bring attention to their products. They pay the newspapers thousands of dollars for the advertising space, but it is worth the money for news of their products goes into almost every home in the country. For those who produce newspapers, advertisements are also very important. Money earned from advertisements makes it possible for them to sell their newspapers at a low price and still make a profit.

除了提供全世界的新聞以外，報(bào)紙還為我們提供了其它有用的信息。有天氣預(yù)報(bào)，收視指南，書評(píng)，故事，當(dāng)然還有廣告。大公司總是用很大的產(chǎn)品廣告來吸引讀者。他們要用幾千美元來付廣告版面，但是物有所值，因?yàn)樗麄兊漠a(chǎn)品廣告隨著報(bào)紙已經(jīng)進(jìn)入了千家萬戶。對(duì)生產(chǎn)報(bào)紙的人來說，廣告是很重要的。廣告費(fèi)使他們能夠以低價(jià)出售報(bào)紙，但是還能夠贏利。

41. The phrase "subscribe to" in the first paragraph means _______.

短語(yǔ)“訂”的意思是：很長(zhǎng)時(shí)間同意購(gòu)買某物

A. go to the newspaper stand and buy   B. send their own news stories to

C. agree to buy for a specific period of time   D. become faithful readers of

42. The habit of reading newspapers is _______看報(bào)紙的習(xí)慣是普遍的。

A. widespread    B. found among a few families   C. not popular      D. uncommon

43. Before the time of the newspaper, _______。在有報(bào)紙以前，消息是通過一個(gè)人傳到另一個(gè)人。

A. bad news traveled quickly and good news slowly

B. few people cared about events that took place in far away countries

C. kings and rulers were often overthrown or killed

44. The author seems to agree that money spent on advertisements is _______

作者似乎認(rèn)為花在廣告上的錢是值得花的。

A. wasted     B. not much   C. well spent      D. of no use to anyone

45. Which of the following statements is TRUE?哪句是對(duì)的。

B. Newspaper advertisements turn peopl[a-z] [a-z] attention away from their products.

C. The news that we read in newspapers is mainly about new products.

D. When newspapers are sold at a low price, the newspaper producers will lose money.