《英語III(2)》期末復(fù)習(xí)指導(dǎo)

《英語III(2)》期末復(fù)習(xí)指導(dǎo)

《英語III(2)》是開放教育英語本科專業(yè)開設(shè)的補修省管課程，所采用的主教材為《開放英語5》，由劉黛琳與Duncan Sidwell主編，中央廣播電視大學(xué)出版社2005年出版。該教材共分18章，內(nèi)容涵蓋社會、文化生活方方面面，語法內(nèi)容包括真實條件句、反意疑問句、動詞不定式、倒裝句、復(fù)合詞、介詞、形容詞的比較級與最高級等。在學(xué)習(xí)教材內(nèi)容時，注意三個復(fù)習(xí)單元的學(xué)習(xí)，即第24、30、36單元的學(xué)習(xí)，以幫助歸納總結(jié)之前所學(xué)內(nèi)容。為了便于學(xué)生進行期末復(fù)習(xí)，現(xiàn)將要求掌握的主要重點語法概述如下：

    

一、真實條件句

     掌握真實條件句的結(jié)構(gòu)與用法。真實條件句用于陳述語氣，假設(shè)的情況可能發(fā)生。

     句型： 條件從句　　　 主句
　　        一般現(xiàn)在時　　shall/will + 動詞原形

     　If he comes, he will bring his violin.

    

二、動名詞

     動名詞形式與現(xiàn)在分詞一樣，都是動詞+ing形式，但是用法與現(xiàn)在分詞不同。動名詞具有動詞與名詞的特性，可以在句中作主語與賓語。如：

     Before going to the meeting, I would like to introduce Mr. Lee to you. (作介詞賓語)

     Taking good care of the baby is her full-time job. (作主語)

     三、定語從句

    1. 介詞+whom/which結(jié)構(gòu): 在定語從句中，當(dāng)關(guān)系代詞作介詞賓語時，一般將介詞放在關(guān)系代詞前面。

    如：This is the house which I lived in two years ago.

        à This is the house in which I lived two years ago.

    2. 限定詞+of which/whom結(jié)構(gòu)：定語從句中，可以將限定詞many, one等放在前面來引導(dǎo)定語從句。常用在此結(jié)構(gòu)的限定詞有many, all, none, either, some, any, most, much, both, half, each, one, two等。如：

        I bought two beautiful dresses, one of which was sent to my sister Lucy.

        The company has over ten thousand staff, half of which are in U.S.A.

    3. where與whose引導(dǎo)的定語從句。where表示地點，whose表示所屬關(guān)系。如：

      Beijing is the place where (in which) I was born.

      I know that man whose house was burned down.      

 

四、動詞不定式

     動詞不定式在句中可以作表語與目的狀語。

     1. 作表語。如：

        My work is to clean the room every day.
　　    His dream is to be a doctor.

     2. 作目的狀語。熟記一些引導(dǎo)目的狀語的短語，如in order to…, so as to…, only to…等。

        He ran so fast as to catch the first bus.　

　　    I come here only to say good-bye to you.　

 

     五、情態(tài)動詞

     掌握常見情態(tài)動詞can, must, should, may 等用法。

     1. must可以用來談?wù)摿x務(wù)。注意must與have to的區(qū)別。兩者都可以用來談?wù)摿x務(wù)，但是must表示主觀愿望或命令，意為 “必須”、 “一定”;而have to 表示外界客觀的因素，意為 “不得不”。如：

     My brother was very ill, so I had to call the doctor in the middle of the night. (客觀上需要做這件事)
　　 He said that they must work hard. 他說他們必須努力工作。（主觀上要做這件事）

     2. can表示能力、可能。過去時用could。注意can與be able to的區(qū)別。be able to可以用于各種時態(tài)。如：

They will be able to tell you the news soon. (表將來)

     They can tell you the news soon. （表現(xiàn)在）

     3. should 表示建議或忠告，意為 “應(yīng)該...”。如：

     You should stay at home and have a good rest.

     4. 情態(tài)動詞+have+過去分詞

     must have +done sth.，對過去時間里可能發(fā)生的事情的推測，語氣較強，具有"肯定"，"諒必"的意思。
　     --Linda has gone to work, but her bicycle is still here.
　     --She must have gone by bus.

     should have done sth. 本應(yīng)該做某事，而事實上并沒有做。否定句表示"不該做某事而做了"。
　　   You should have been more careful in this experiment. (事實上是不小心)
　　   He should not have thrown the old clothes away.（事實上已扔了）

    六、倒裝結(jié)構(gòu)

    句首為否定或半否定的詞語，如no, not, never, seldom, little, hardly, at no time, in no way, not until…,not only…but also, hardly/scarcely…when, no sooner… than等,句子的正常語序發(fā)生變化,即倒裝結(jié)構(gòu) “助動詞+主語+謂語動詞”。如:
　　Never have I seen such a performance.
　　Nowhere will you find the answer to this question.
　　Not until the child fell asleep did the mother leave the room.

　    Not only did he refuse the gift, he also severely criticized the sender.
　  Hardly had she gone out when a student came to visit her.
　  No sooner had she gone out than a student came to visit her.

 

《英語III(2)》課程期末考試方式為閉卷，時間為90分鐘。

I	閱讀理解 (15小題)	30%
II	語法選擇（10小題）	20%
III	選錯題（10小題）	10%
IV	完形填空 (10小題)	20%
V	翻譯（5小題）	20%